Fantastic scramble up the iconic Cascade mountain in Banff. Take the Cascade Amphitheater trail to the starting point of the Cascade mountain ascent. Difficult scramble with great views of the Banff townsite, Lake Minnewanka and surrounding mountains. Traversing the false summit needs to be virtually clear of snow to reach the true peak. Producing award-winning wine and food for over 40 years.

The Cascades in Washington, with, the range's highest mountain, standing at 14,411 ft (4,392 m). Seen in the background (left to right) are, and.Highest pointPeakMount Rainier14,411 ft (4,392 m):DimensionsLength700 mi (1,100 km) north-southWidth80 mi (130 km)GeographyCountriesUnited States and CanadaProvinces/States, andThe Cascade Range or Cascades is a major of western, extending from southern through and to.

It includes both non-volcanic mountains, such as the, and the notable known as the High Cascades. The small part of the range in British Columbia is referred to as the Canadian Cascades or, locally, as the Cascade Mountains. The latter term is also sometimes used by Washington residents to refer to the Washington section of the Cascades in addition to North Cascades, the more usual U.S. The highest peak in the range is in Washington at 14,411 feet (4,392 m).The Cascades are part of the 's, the ring of volcanoes and associated mountains around the Pacific Ocean. All of the eruptions in the over the last 200 years have been from.

The two most recent were from 1914 to 1921 and a. Minor eruptions of Mount St. Helens have also occurred since, most recently from 2004 to 2008.

The Cascade Range is a part of the, a nearly continuous chain of mountain ranges (cordillera) that form the western 'backbone' of,. Map of the Cascade Range showing major volcanic peaksThe Cascades extend northward from (also known as Mount Lassen) in northern to the confluence of the and rivers in. The separates the Cascades from the in Canada, as does the from the upper portion of the. The highest volcanoes of the Cascades, known as the High Cascades, dominate their surroundings, often standing twice the height of the nearby mountains. They often have a visual height (height above nearby crestlines) of one mile or more.

The highest peaks, such as the 14,411-foot (4,392 m) Mount Rainier, dominate their surroundings for 50 to 100 miles (80 to 161 km).The northern part of the range, north of Mount Rainier, is known as the in the United States but is formally named the Cascade Mountains north of the, reaching to the northern extremity of the Cascades at. Overall, the North Cascades and Canadian Cascades are extremely rugged; even the lesser peaks are steep and glaciated, and valleys are quite low relative to peaks and ridges, so there is great local. The southern part of the Canadian Cascades, particularly the, is geologically and topographically similar to the North Cascades, while the northern and northeastern parts are less glaciated and more plateau-like, resembling nearby areas of the.Because of the range's proximity to the Pacific Ocean and the region's, precipitation is substantial, especially on the western slopes due to, with annual snow accumulations of up to 1,000 inches (2,500 cm) in some areas. In Washington recorded a national record single-season snowfall in the winter of 1998–99 with 1,140 inches (2,900 cm). Prior to that year, held the American record for snow accumulation at Paradise in 1978.

It is not uncommon for some places in the Cascades to have over 500 inches (1,300 cm) of annual snow accumulation, such as at, near Lassen Peak. Most of the High Cascades are therefore white with snow and ice year-round. The western slopes are densely covered with ( Pseudotsuga menziesii), ( Tsuga heterophylla) and ( Alnus rubra), while the drier eastern slopes feature mostly ( Pinus ponderosa), with some ( Larix occidentalis), ( Tsuga mertensiana) and ( Abies lasiocarpa) and ( Larix lyallii) at higher elevations.

Annual rainfall is as low as 9 inches (230 mm) on the eastern due to a effect. West side view of in summer as seen from inIn 1805, the passed through the Cascades on the Columbia River, which for many years was the only practical way to pass that part of the range. They were the first non-indigenous people to see, but they thought it was Mount St. When they later saw Mount St.

Helens they thought it was Mount Rainier. On their return trip, Lewis and Clark spotted a that they named for the sponsor of the expedition, U.S. Lewis and Clark called the Cascade Range the 'Western Mountains'.The Lewis and Clark expedition, and the many settlers and traders that followed, met their last obstacle to their journey at the in the Columbia River Gorge, a feature on the river now submerged beneath the. Before long, the great white-capped mountains that loomed above the rapids were called the 'mountains by the cascades' and later simply as the 'Cascades'.

The earliest attested use of the name 'Cascade Range' is in the writings of botanist. Is the tallest point in the U.S. State of.In 1814, a fur trader with the, seeking a viable route across the mountains, explored and crossed the northern Cascades between and Puget Sound. His report of the journey is vague about the route taken. He followed the lower into the mountains. He might have used to reach the. Ross was the first European-American to explore the Methow River area and likely the first to explore the and Bridge Creek region.

Due to the difficulty of crossing the northern Cascades and the paucity of beaver, fur-trading companies made only a few explorations into the mountains north of the Columbia River after Ross.Exploration and settlement of the Cascades region by Europeans and Americans was accelerated by the establishment of a major trading post of the (HBC) at near today's. From this base HBC trapping parties traveled throughout the Cascades in search of beaver and other fur-bearing animals. For example, using what became known as the, Hudson's Bay Company trappers were the first non-natives to explore the southern Cascades in the 1820s and 1830s, establishing trails which passed near, and Lassen Peak. The in the Canadian CascadesThe course of political history in the saw the spine of the Cascade Range being proposed as a boundary settlement during the of 1846. The United States rejected the proposal and insisted on the, which cuts across the range just north of Mount Baker. Throughout the period of dispute and up to the creation of the of British Columbia in 1858, the Hudson's Bay Company's route, as well the route of fur brigades, followed the Okanogan River along the east edge of the Cascades and the Columbia River through the range. Passes across the range were not well known and little used.

Was used for driving cattle and horses to. Was also used by the Hudson's Bay Company.American settlement of the flanks of the Coast Range did not occur until the early 1840s, at first only marginally. Following the the inward flux of migration from the intensified and the passes and back-valleys of what is now the state of Washington were explored and populated, and it was not long after that railways followed. Despite its being traversed by several major freeways and rail lines, and its lower flanks subjected to major logging in recent decades, large parts of the range remain intense and forbidding alpine wilderness. Much of the northern half of the Cascades, from Rainier north, have been preserved by or British Columbia (such as ), or other forms of protected area.

In the California Cascades. Southernmost volcano in the Cascade Range and part ofThe Canadian side of the range has a history that includes the of 1858–60 and its famous, as well as the older Hudson's Bay Company Brigade Trail from the Canyon to the Interior, the Dewdney Trail, and older routes which connected east to the and valleys.The southern mainline of the penetrated the range via the passes of the, along one of the steepest and snowiest routes in the entire. Near, the and the, now decommissioned, are popular tourist recreation destinations for hiking and bicycling.

The pass is used by the, a government built as part of the spending boom of the 1980s, which is now the main route from the Coast to the interior. Traffic formerly went via the, to the west, or via and along to the south, near the border. The 1980 eruption of Mount St.

HelensThe was the first established land path for U.S. Settlers through the Cascade Range in 1845, and formed the final overland link for the (previously, settlers had to raft down the of the Columbia River). The Road left the Columbia at what is now and passed along the south side of Mount Hood at what is now, terminating in Oregon City. There is an interpretive site there now at 'The End of The Oregon Trail'. The road was constructed as a toll road – $5 per wagon – and was very successful.In addition, the was created to allow settlers to avoid rafting down the Columbia River. The Trail used the path of the to north-central. From there, the Trail headed northwest into northern California, and continued northwest towards today's.

From there, settlers would head north along the established Siskiyou Trail into the.With the exception of the 1915 eruption of remote Lassen Peak in Northern California, the range was quiet for more than a century. Then, on May 18, 1980, the dramatic eruption of shattered the quiet and brought the world's attention to the range. Geologists were also concerned that the St. Helens eruption was a sign that long-dormant Cascade volcanoes might become active once more, as in the period from 1800 to 1857 when a total of eight erupted. None have erupted since St.

Helens, but precautions are being taken nevertheless, such as the Mount Rainier Volcano Warning System in. See also: andThe Cascade Range is made up of a band of thousands of very small, short-lived volcanoes that have built a platform of lava and volcanic debris.

Rising above this volcanic platform are a few strikingly large volcanoes, like, that dominate the landscape.The Cascade volcanoes define the Pacific Northwest section of the, an array of volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean. The Ring of Fire is also known for its frequent earthquakes. The volcanoes and earthquakes arise from a common source:, where the dense plunges beneath the.

As the sinks deep into the Earth's interior beneath the continental plate, high temperatures and pressures allow water molecules locked in the minerals of solid rock to escape. The water vapor rises into the pliable mantle above the subducting plate, causing some of the mantle to melt. This newly formed magma rises toward the Earth's surface to erupt, forming a chain of volcanoes (the Cascade Volcanic Arc) above the subduction zone. Hero siege character builds. Human uses Soil conditions for farming are generally good, especially downwind of. This is largely because volcanic rocks are often rich in bearing minerals such as and decay easily.

Volcanic debris, especially lahars, also have a leveling effect and the storage of water in the form of snow and ice is also important. These snow-capped mountains such as Mt. Bachelor are used as in the late winter.

Much of that water eventually flows into reservoirs, where it is used for recreation before its potential energy is captured to generate before being used to crops.Because of the abundance of powerful streams, many of the major westward rivers off the Cascades have been dammed to provide hydroelectric power. One of these, on the, created a reservoir which spans the border southeast of, extending 2 miles (3.2 km) into Canada. At the foot of the southeast flank of Mount Baker, at, the is dammed to form and.In addition, there is a largely untapped amount of that can be generated from the Cascades.

The Geothermal Research Program has been investigating this potential. Some of this energy is already being used in places like, where volcanic steam is used to heat public buildings.

The highest recorded temperature found in the range is 510 °F (266 °C) at 3,075 feet (937 m) below 's floor.Ecology. On in the North CascadesAs a traveler passes through the Cascade Range, the climate first gets colder, then warmer and drier east of the crest. Most of the Cascades' lower and middle elevations are covered in; the higher altitudes have extensive as well as. The southern part of the Cascades are within the, an area of high., and a few packs returning from Canada live in the Cascades. Fewer than 50 reside in the Cascades of Canada and Washington. See also.

Cascades Volcano Observatory. Geological Survey. February 7, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.

^, pp. 191–200., p. 31., p. 8., pp. 9–12. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from on June 6, 2012. McLaughlin, Mark (October 14, 2010). Truckee, California. Retrieved November 9, 2013., p. 16., p. 99., p. 479. Straub, Kristen; Link, Paul.

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Paonia, Colorado.Sources.

Cascade Mountain is a mountain located in the Bow River Valley of Banff National Park, adjacent to the town of Banff. The mountain was named in 1858 by James Hector after the waterfall or cascade on the southern flanks of the peak.^[4] The mountain has also been called Stoney Chief, which is related to the name of the smaller neighbouring mountain Stoney Squaw, which is still in use. Cascade is the highest mountain adjacent to the townsite.

Climbing routes[edit]

The mountain can be climbed starting from the Norquay Ski Area base. The first portion is a fairly moderate hike, up to the Cascade Amphitheatre. Continuing upwards, the route ascends along the ridge edge until it reaches the crest where it dips before it rises to the false summit. While the false summit can be descended at its end, it is much easier to follow a trail around the western side along the exposed foot. Snow typically blocks this route almost until mid July and attempting it while snowy can entail considerable avalanche risk due to the slabby terrain and exposure. A long window of clear weather - full day - should be anticipated before attempting this climb, as many climbers have gotten into trouble and needed rescue (or died) when a storm suddenly blows in.^[1] The ascent normally takes 3 to 4 hours, while the descent along the same path takes 2 to 3 hours if all goes well, and 5 to 10 minutes if not.

Looking at Cascade Mountain from Banff avenue, the ridge on the right (above the old Buffalo paddock) is the SW ridge. It was first climbed in 1977 by the late Jean Pierre Cadot and René Boisselle. In early 1900, MacCarthy (first ascent of Mt Logan in Yukon) mentioned that Cascade Mt seems to offer good rock on the SW ridge. The route starts between the two obvious buttress and gains the crest of the ridge after a few rope pitches. The upper and very steep buttress is climbed via a chimney on the left side. The entire route is 5.6 or 5.7 grade III.

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abc'Cascade Mountain'. PeakFinder.com. Retrieved 2004-06-12.
2. ^ ^ab'Cascade Mountain'. Bivouac.com. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
3. ^'Cascade Mountain'. Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 2019-06-09.
4. ^Karamitsanis, Aphrodite, ed. (June 1991). Place Names of Alberta, Volume 1: Mountains, Parks and Foothills. Calgary: University of Calgary Press. p. 42. ISBN0-919813-73-9. Archived from the original on 2005-02-16. Retrieved 2008-12-31.